Kant and Aristotle Kant: No such article can exist with or without a qualification of being good, except a good will. This includes examples of talents (intelligence, wit, judgement) and attributes of temperament (courage, resolution, perseverance). Being worthy of happiness is the factor which fabricates a good will. A good will is refered to as a good within itself. It does not rely on the utilitarian view of doing what concludes the best result, whether it be financial wise or satisfaction related. This includes the good will not affecting one of the effects of factors leading to the final result. The gain of result is irrelevant to the value of a good will. An sub-related part derived from a good will is a duty. A duty is an act that remains constant and is taken into account when calculating the value of a good will. A duty is the alternative of committing an act with the motive of attaining gains in a selfish manner. The example given by Kant is that a merchant should charge a fixed amount for a specific product to every customer he receives (duty). He should not vary the prices according the the lack of prior knowledge of the consumer such as a child (unfair advantage on the part of the merchant). An action of duty has a value measured in terms of morality and this is decided according the a motive or maxim. Another further derivative is of duty being done to satisfy the law which is a in slight relevance to the con ...