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Job design
It refers to the process of determining exactly what an employee does on the job: the tasks, duties, responsibilities, decision making and the level of authority.
Important areas of Job design
• Job content:
It includes: task variety, task autonomy, task complexity, task difficulty, task identity.
• Job functions:
It includes: responsibility, authority, information flow, work methods, coordination requirements.
• Working relationships with other employees:
It includes: dealing with others, friendship opportunities and teamwork requirements.
A person’s favorable reaction to job design means greater accomplishment, greater job satisfaction, less absenteeism and fewer turnovers.
Advantages of highly specialized jobs
Highly specialized jobs are characterized as having a few simple tasks that are repeated, require little decision making or mental input and are given little responsibility or authority. Advantages of highly specialized job designs can be:
• Unskilled, low-paid labor can be hired
• Less training time is required
• Ewer skill errors occur on simple routine tasks
• Fewer mental mistakes occur as employees make few decisions.
Motivational problems with highly specialized job designs
Boredom:
Repetition leads to boredom and there are fewer chances to learn new things and improve the job.
Mechanical pacing:
People have to ...