Table of Contents
History
General Marketing
Industrial Marketing
Organizational Procurement
1. History
Marketing in every which way has been around for a long time. Modern marketing as we know it was born in the period 1900?1940, especially between the years 1910 ? 1925, when several practical and theoretical marketing aspects came together. During the 20th century it made its most rapid development and consolidated itself as an important business function and as a way of doing business. The majority of this development took place in the United States. A big contribution came also from Britain due to the industrial revolution. By the late 1990s, all types of organizations in the USA and Western Europe had adopted a marketing orientation and looked for a way to become even more customer focused (i.e. through relationship marketing).
The development of marketing
The roots of marketing lie back in the time when people began to produce crops or goods which were surplus to their own requirements. They bartered for other things they wanted.
In the early days, the late 19th and early 20th centuries, goods were scarce and competition sufficiently underdeveloped so producers did not really need marketing. In the words of an anonymous author in Scientific American in 1923; ?When our grandfathers wore homespun clothes, raised most of the food they ate and chopped the wood for their home fires, the cost of distributing the essential commodities was practically nil.'
They could, without a problem, sell whatever they produced. Most communities were self-sufficient, and even when they were not, goods were shipped only short distances and sold on local markets where the buyer and seller knew each other. As markets and technol ...