Functions of Management
Management, according to Merriam-Webster, is defined as 1: the act of managing: the conducting or supervising of something (business) 2: judicious use of means to accomplish an end and 3: the collective body of those who manage or direct an enterprise. (www.m-w.com).
There are four major functions of management. The first function is the planning stage. Dessler (2003), comments that planning is the means of establishing goals and standards; developing rules and procedures; and developing plans and forecasting. This function is a developing stage that is ongoing and develops the organizations objectives and mission and determines how they will be accomplished. Planning deals not only with the big picture of an organization, such as the mission, but also small tasks, such as implementing rules for accomplishing goals specific to that organization. Planning may be the most important function an organization can perform. Without a sense of direction, how can managers know what to control and where to lead?
The next function, organizing, focuses on coordination, division, the flow of information within an organization, and overall command and control. With this function management delegates responsibilities. In this function, management creates a structure of the working relationships between employer and employees that allows them to work together to achieve the goals of the organization.
The third function, leading, is very crucial as it deals with influencing behaviors through communication, leadership and discipline, and motivation. A leader determines directions and has a clear vision for employees to follow; in addition a leader also helps employees understand their roles in the organization. Leadership tactics involve using influen ...