1 ) There are many problems evident in this department but the one that stands out is related to motivation. The employees are not motivated to perform or to help out their colleagues. This problem can best be explained with the Job Characteristics Model developed by J. Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham. This model shows that “there are five core job characteristics that have particularly strong potential to affect worker motivation: skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and job feedback” (Johns and Saks, 201). Skill variety, which deals with the “opportunity to do a variety of job activities using various skills and talents,” is missing for the workers in the HB department (Ibid, 201). The pay structure is set up to reward skill variety but “people rarely used more than one skill or two of their skills” leading to boredom (Fab Sweets Limited). In the HB department an assembly line mentality is at work, the workers do not see or complete the full production process from the beginning to end but instead only complete one or two aspects before passing the product on to the next person. Task identity, which is the “extent to which a job involves doing a complete piece of work, from beginning to end,” is definitely missing for the workers with an assembly line and also because the production and packing is completely separated by a physical barrier (John and Saks, 201). Task significance is difficult to measure in this case as it relates to the “impact that a job has on others” especially when considered in the context of the physical barrier that separates the two divisions. Workers in the production side can not see the impact of their work on those in packing and vice versa. The next job characteristic autonomy, whic ...