Question 1.
The most fundamental distinction between civil and criminal law is the concept of punishment:
1. The criminal law:
• Criminal Law regulates offences affecting community as a whole; crime is committed against the state.
• In criminal law defendant is punished either by fine paid to the government or imprisonment.
• In criminal litigation burden of proof is always on the state which must prove beyond reasonable doubt guiltiness of the defendant.
• The Criminal Law is executed in Criminal Courts;
Magistrate Court Crown Court High Court Court of Appeal
House of Lords
• Jury in Criminal Law Courts decides if defendant if guilty or not, Judge find for him appropriate to crime sentence.
• Sentence is the final act of punishment in criminal law if defendant is found guilty.
• Criminal Courts are financed from public founds.
2. The civil law
• The civil law regulates disputes between individuals within the community without involvement of the state.
• A civil case is called loins or an action in civil litigation a losing defendant has to compensate the plaintiff losses.
• In civil cases the plaintiff wins if predominance of evide ...