Boston Consultancy Group (BCG Matrix)
This product portfolio matrix classifies product lines into four categories. The BCG 
models suggests that organisations should have a healthy balance of products within their 
range. The Boston Consultancy Group classified these products as following:
Dogs 
These are products which have low market shares and low market growth rates. The 
options for many companies is to phase these products out, however some organisation 
do go for the strategy of  re-inventing and injecting new life into the product. (see Heinz 
Case Study)
Question Mark/Problem Child 
These are products with low market share but operate in high market growth rates. The 
company puts a lot of resources in this product in the hope that it will eventually increase 
market share and generate cash returns in the future.
Star 
Stars have high market shares that operate in growing markets. The product at this stage 
should be generating positive returns for the company.
Cash Cow 
Cash Cow are products at the mature stage of the lifecycle, they generate high amounts of 
cash for the company, but growth rate is slowing. There are chances that the product may 
slip into decline, appropriate marketing mix  strategies should be employed to try to 
prevent this from happening.B.C.G. analysis 
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Growth-share matrix. 
(Discuss)
B.C.G. analysis is a technique used in brand marketing, product management, and 
strategic management to help a company decide what products to add to its product 
portfolio. It involves rating products according to their relative market share and market 
growth rate. The pr ...